Cake-machine



(No ModeL) v4 Sheets-Sheet 1. D. M. HOLMES.

- CAKE MACHINE.

No. 323,681. Patented Aug. 4, 1885.

Fig.1.

[NVEN'TOR ATTORNEYS.

(No Model.)

No. 323,681. Patented Aug. 4, 1885.

INVENTOR:

BY mm 5% ATTORNEYS.

WITNESSES EH5. PbMo-Lllhognphor. Wanhingtnn. D. Q

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

D. M. HOLMES.

CAKE MACHINE.

Patented Aug. 4, 1885.

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

%ALE%S: v

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

.D. M. HOLMES.

CAKE MACHINE. I No. 323.681. Patented Aug. 4, 1885.

INVENTOR BY ATTORNEYS.

N. PETERS, Phulo-Lflhogrzpher, Washington. D, Cv

NITED STATES PATENT Orricn.

DANIEL M. HOLMES, OF ARLINGTON, NEW JERSEY.

CAKE-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,681, dated August4, 1885.

Application filed November 8, 1884. (Nomodel) To all whom it mayconcern:

Be it known that 1, DANIEL M. HoLMEs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Arlington, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cake-Machines, ofwhich the fcllowing is a description.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the dough feedingand delivering devices. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine, Fig.3, a side elevation from the opposite side. through the table, showingthe dough-feeding devices partly in section and partly in sideeler'ation. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the adjustable eccentric. Fig. 6represents details of the adjustable cam G in side and sectional views.Fig. 7 is a horizontal section of plate 0, taken through the loweropenings, 12.

My invention relates to cake-machines of that class in which the doughis fed down from a hopper into a series of cylinders, whence it isforced by reciprocating plungers in small lumps upon pans carried by anendless apron.

My invention consists in certain features of improvement upon theseveral parts of the machine whereby its efficiency and range of use areincreased, as hereinafter fully described.

In the drawings, (see Fig. 1,) A represents the hopper of the machine,into which large quantities of the dough are placed as taken from themixer, and which hopper, for convenience, usually opens through thefloor A of the room above that in which the machine is placed, and isfastened to the chamber A in which is located the packing and feedingdevices for securing a forced feed of the dough. These devices consistof packers A A and feeders A A. The packers are composed of shafts withradial arms alternating with each other in the middle, (see Fig. 4,) andalternating with stationary projections A A from the sides of thechamber. (See Fig. 1.) These packers revolve inwardly toward each other,and as their arms go down in the middle they force the dough down, whichdough is scraped off and prevented from following the arms by thealternating projections A on the sides of the chamber. The lower part ofthe case A is drawn together with a curve, and in the bottom of thecase, at the curve, is placed on Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-sectioneachside a feeder-roll, A, each of which has corrugations longitudinal toits axis, which corrugations of the two rolls mesh with each other, likethe teeth of a gear-wheel. These rolls revolve away from each other, orin opposite direction to the packers, and the dough is forced downwardlybetween the corrugations and the sides of the case, and as the'rollersmesh tightly together in the middle the dough is forced down into thethroats A.

To make the dough feed more easily I chamber the case at ta ta, (seeFig. 4,) at the ends of the rolls, from about the axis of the samedownwardly, so that as the dough is squeezed between the rolls it movesendwise to the rolls and down these chambered spaces in the case intothe two channels or throats A. For driving these packers and feeders amain shaft, 13, is journaled in the frame-work X, andis driven through abelt, B and pulley B. On this main shaft (see Fig. 4) is fixed agear-wheel, B, which meshes with a wheel, 13*, (see Figs. 4 and 2,) andthis wheel B meshes with wheel B which is on the same shaft with B onthe opposite side of the machine. (See Fig. 4.) This wheel B meshes withgear 13, (see Fig. 3,) which is on the shaft of one of the feed-rollsA*, and which shaft has a smaller gear, 13 that meshes with another ofequal size, B, on the other feed-roll A.

Into the gear B a gear, 13 meshes, which is fast on the shaft of one ofthe packers A", and another gear, B", on the shaft of the otherpacker-roll, meshes with the similar-sized gear B of the first packer.In this manner positive motion is given to all the packer and feedrolls.

For changing the speed of the packer and feed rolls for increasing ordiminishing the delivery of dough, the wheel B Fig. 2, is madedetachable, and different sizes of the same are provided, and the gear Bis carried in an arm, B, which is hung about the main shaft B as acenter, and which arm is provided with a setscrew for fixing it in thecurved slotted arm B. This permits the position of the wheel B to bechanged to correspond to the substitution of a larger or smaller wheel,B and still connects said wheel B with the wheel B on the main shaft.

For increasing the feed or delivery of dough a smaller wheel, B is used,and vice versa.

ICO

The sides of the dough-channel A are fastened to the frame X by means offlanges and bolts, and this throat or dough-conduit has near itsbottom,on the side,two horizontal slots or outlets, a a. Against thisportion of the dough-conduit is fastened by bolts a Fig. 4, a casting,0, having cylindrical chambers to, Figs. 1 and 4-, bored therein andoccupying a vertical position. The tops of these chambers are closed bystuffingboxes a, and the bottoms have detachable screw-nozzles (1. Thecasting O has at the top a slot, 1), registering with the slota of thedough-channel, and communicating with the interior of the cylinders, andbelow this has a series of holes, I), (see Fig. 7,) which register withthe lower slot, (0, and communicate with the interiorof the cylinders.Vithin these cylinders arethe plungers 0, whose rods pass through thestuffingboxes and are connected by nuts with the crossbar C. Thiscross-bar is connected to the eccentric-rods G, which are reciprocatedvertically by the eccentrics C on the main shaft 1. Through theseeccentrics the plungers are reciprocatcd vertically in the cylinders,and the dough is made to issue inter mittcntly through the nozzles anddrop upon the pans G placed on the endless traveling apron.

The object in having the two openings into the cylinders, the one set, ab, being above and the other, a I), being below the plunger, is asfollows: The feeding devices A A act continuously, and the dough isthrough the plungers discharged intermittently, and when the plungerrises above holes a b dough passes in through these holes; but when theplunger passes by these holes on the downstroke the dough passes inbehind the plunger through holes a I). Then on the upstroke again doughpasses into the cylinders through a b, and out of the cylinder through aZ), thus causing the dough to pulsate through the opening a b. The goodeffect produced is, first, that the plunger 0 has a packing of dough onboth sides, so that it cannot leak air and cause an irregular feed ofdough; and, secondly, the continuous feed from above is compensated forby a practically-continuous discharge through holes a I) and a 1) below,the dough passing into the cylinder always entering either through theopenings (6 Z) or a Z), or through openings a b on the upstroke and a bon the downstroke, thus securing uniformity of action.

The object in having holes at 1) instead of a slot, as at I) alone, isto enable the plunger to pass smoothly across these openings 1).

In order to give to the plunger 0 a variable throw to adapt the plungerto the variable or adjust-able feed of the rollers above, the cocentricC, (see Figs. 1 and 5,) has a block, 0, which is rigidly fixed upon theshaft 13, and is made adjustable within the circular plate 0 of theeccentric, its adjustment being effected by a set-screw, c, and itsposition fixed by bolts 0 0*, which pass through slots 0 c in the plate0, and, which when clamped tightly, holds the block 0 more or lesseccentric within the plate a.

D is the table of the machine, which is hung upon the shaft D, journaledin the bracket D, offsetting from the frame X, and having an oscillationthereabout as acenter, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 3. Thistable has an endless apron, D distended over rollers at each end of thetable. To this belt a triple motion is imparted: First an up and-downoscillation of the belt and the table about the shaft D of the rollerupon which the table is hung. This gives room between the nozzles a andthe pans C for the issue and clearance of the dough. The second is alongitudinal movement of the apron, which gives shape to the cake bystretching out the dough 5 and the third is a longitudinal movement ofthe apron alternating with the other longitudinal movement to space thecakes in the pan.

I will first describe the means for effecting the up-and-down movementof the apron and table. Referring to Fig. 4, E E 011 shaft B are camsthat bear upon anti-friction rollers E E, attached to vertically-slidinghangerbars E E, which move in guides 15 E, attached to the frame-work X.These hangerbars have inwardly-projecting lugs at their lower ends,Figs. 1 and 4, through which are tapped set-screws E E, that areswiveled in blocks E E jointed to the bottom of the table. Theseset-screws, it will be seen, provide a vertical adjustment of the tableto or from the nozzles. Upon each of the hanger-bars E is also attacheda perforated lug, d, Fig. 3, that passes through a vertical slot in theside frame and encompasses a pendent rod, d, which at its upper end ismade fast to the frame, and at its lower end bears a nut, between whichnut and the lug 1 of the hanger-bar is wound a spiral spring, (1", whichopposes the descent of the lug on the hanger-bar, so that as the shaft Brevolves its cam E forces down the hanger-bars and the table, and afterthe cams have ceased to act the spiral springs lift the table again. Tostop the table in proper proximity to the nozzles a cross-bar, F, isfastened to the frame-work X by brackets transversely to the belt andjust beside the dough-discharging devices, and through the bar is tappeda series of adjustable stop-screws, F, against which the pans on theapron strike to preserve the proper distance of the latter from thenozzles, and to cause the bottom of the pan (which is sometimes warpedor buckled) to lie steady and flat while the cakes are being laidthereon.

I will now describe the means for giving the two longitudinal movementsto the belt. I have found that by giving two separate movements to thebelt one can be utilized for spacing the cakes, and the other, by properconstruction of the actuating mechanism, can be made to vary the shapeof the cake.

For spacing the cakes or moving the belt between the deposits of doughin the pan a wrist-pin, H, (see Fig. 3,) on a disk at the end IIO of theshaft B,imparts motion to apitman,H, and this,acting upon a bell-crank,H and pitman H, oscillates lever H, which, through a pawl, H, operatingupon ratchet Hlturns the shaft of the main roll with an intermittentstep-by-step motion,which is imparted to the apron distended about saidroll. On the opposite side of the machine is arranged the mechanism formoving the belt to vary the shape of the cakes. After the spacingmechanism has done its work and the belt and pans are ready to receivethe dough, I find that while the dough is issuing from the nozzles, if Ivary the speed of the belt, I can vary the shape of the cakes-thus formaking ladyfingers, which are large at both ends and small in themiddle, the belt is moved very slowly when the dough first commences toissue, which makes one of the ends large. Then the speed is increased,which draws out the dough and makes the middle small,after which thespeed is slackened again,which makes the other end large. To accomplishthis mechanically I use a cam, G, (see Fig. 2,) which is adj ustablyfixed to shaft B and bears against an anti-friction roller, 9', on slideG, which moves in guides g. This slide is raised again by the action ofa spiral spring, g, wound upon a stem, projecting from the slide Gthrough a guide-lug, g. The movement of the slide is imparted throughthe pitman G bell-crank Giand pitman G to an oscillating lever bearing apawLGZwhich latter operates upon a ratchet-wheel, G on the roller Gwhich distends the belt. It will be seen that by the shape of the cam Gthe throw of the lever G is at first slow, then fast, and then makingthe kinds of cakes referred to.

slow again, thus fulfilling the conditions for B varying the shape ofthe cam G other shape s of cakes may be formed. After the cake is thusformed the apron and table move vertically to break connections of thedough, and the next longitudinal movement of the apron, produced by themechanism on the other side, spaces the cakes for the next row.

In constructing cam G and attaching it to shaft B, I form it as shown inFig. 6, in which a hub, g, with arm 9 is keyed rigidly to the shaft, andthe cam proper, g, is of an annular shape, and is slotted to permit abolt, 9, to pass through, that connects a pointer, g, to the arm 9 onthe rear side. This pointer moves over a scale on the cam, so that whenthe latter is adjusted to any position by bolt 9 for a definite size orshape of cake, that size or shape of cake may be quickly and easilygotten again by noting the adjustment of the cam by the scale.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is- 1. Thecombination, with the dough-chamber having inward-projecting scrapers Aof the two packing-rolls A A, provided with alternating radial armsarranged to revolve toward each other and descend in the middle, asshown and described.

2. The combination, with the force feed rolls A A, having corrugationsmeshing with each other, as described, of the case or chamber havingenlarged openings or passages ta ta at the ends of the rolls, as and forthe purpose described. a

3. The combination, with the dough-chamber, of the corrugated feed-rollsA A, arranged to revolve away from each other, and the packing-rolls A Aconsisting of radial arms located above the feed-rolls and arranged torevolve toward each other, and the scrapers or projections A A attachedto the sides of the case and alternating with the arms of thepacking-rolls, as described.

.4. The combination, with the dough-cylinders, their plungers, and thedevices for feeding dough, and gears for varying the feed, of the maindrive -shaft B and the adjustable eccentrics G, as and for the purposedescribed.

5. The plate 0, having dough-cylinders a bored therein, in combinationwith the stuffing-boxes a, the nozzles a and the plungers O, as and forthe purpose described.

6. The dough cylinder 0, having upper opening, I), and lower opening, a,with stuffing-box at the top, in combination with the plunger G,workingbetween said openings, as shown and described.

7. The combination, with the dough discharging nozzles, of the tablehung horizontally at one side of the nozzles, and its oscillatingdevices,consisting of the jointed blocks E set-screws 13*, hanger-barsE", cams E, for depressing the hangerblocks, and sets of spiral springsd", for raising it, substantially as shown and described.

8. The hub g, with arm 9", in combination with the adjustable cam 9,having scale, the pointer g and bolt 9, and the working mech anismofthecake-machine,consisting ofspring seated slide G, pitman G,elbow-crank G pitman G the lever G, bearing-pawl, and the belt-rollerand ratchet operated upon by said pawl, as described.

9. The combination, with a set of doughdelivcring devices, of an endlessapron and two sets of mechanism for giving intermittent motion to thebelt, one mechanism for spacing the cakes and the other beingindependent of the first and variable for varying the shape of thecakes, as shown and described.

10. The combination, with a set of dough-- delivering nozzles and anendless belt, of a main drive-shaft, means for transmitting motion fromthe drive-shaft to the belt in an intermittent manner, and a cam locatedon the DANIEL M. HOLMES.

Witnesses:

Enwn. W. BYRN, SoLoN O. 'KEMON,

